Advancements in the characterisation of oligonucleotides by high performance liquid chromatography?mass spectrometry in 2021: A short review

The first oligonucleotide therapeutic was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 1998, since then, 12 nucleic acids have been commercialised as medicines. To be approved, oligonucleotides need to identified characterised well its related impurities. Different methods exist, but most commonly used is ion-pairing reversed-phase liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. separation obtained depends on mobile phase column used. Other developed, notably using hydrophilic interaction two-dimensional high performance chromatography. Furthermore, ultra-violet spectroscopy detection spectrometry has optimised for analysis of methylated nucleobases due utilisation this modification drugs. This review covers recent advancements characterisation 2021 spectrometry, also different parameters that influence chromatography, nucleobases, software developed oligonucleotides.